Vídeo: Grécia enfrenta um alarmante declínio da população

🗣️ Transcrição automática de voz para texto.

[Music] [Music] de for empty Villages like this one on the Greek island of hios serve as a reminder of a new kind of threat facing the country as a whole after years of economic hardship many young Greeks have decided to either move abroad or delay starting a family what his population expected to plummet in the coming decades the nation is not grappling with a severe demographic crisis I’ve come here to understand the reasons behind this issue and its implications for Greece’s [Music] future a traditional religious ceremony is held in a remote Village of hios an island of 50,000 residents located in the northern AGN sea the summer holiday is coming to an end and for many locals now living abroad this is an opportunity to reconnect with old friends and family about 80 % of the people that are from my Village live in the states I moved to the states in 2008 I I run a business in Brooklyn the only thing you see is people just leave the villages or PE kids that grew up in the Villages once they’re done with school or once they are a little bit older or they want to start their own family they they move from the villages to the big cities or even out of the country it’s making me sad It’s upsetting but unfortunately because there’s no way of even making enough money to support yourself let alone your family that’s why we we all move out a l as a result of this immigration many villages and Hills stand deserted houses are abandoned schools and business businesses remain closed playgrounds lie silent the whole region now serves as a quiet Testament to a bygone era when hundreds of farmers lived [Music] here copi is the only permanent resident of her Village at 87 years old she says she has no intention of leaving her [Music] birthplace almost every region across Greece is witnessing a similar Trend in just 10 years from 2011 to 2021 the nation’s population decreased by over 3% falling to 105 million people the mayor of hios attributes this decline primarily to the economic crisis of the 2010s which severely impacted peripheral areas and led to the Exodus of about half a million Greeks for [Music] while Greece has officially exited the financial bailout programs that were marked by severe austerity measures and social unrest the effects of the crisis still resonate today unemployment is close to 11% youth unemployment is double that rate a quarter of the population is at risk of poverty and income inequality is one of the highest in the Euro Zone the country did not get destroyed however people suffered and many many young people do not have um very strong incomes that would make it easy to have a family according to this economist the crisis accelerated the decline in gree’s fertility rate which has now fallen below the EU average combined with the brain drain and rising life expectancy this trend poses a serious economic risk to health and pension systems the main problem is that you are going to have a smaller number of people who are working and now these people they would have to support a large population of older people so in order not to overburden the young people who are working uh with this you have to increase the productivity in the country you have to bring in technology you have to encourage um the inflow of of immigrants especially in high productivity jobs and um all that you hope that are going to get you through the next 10 15 20 years that are going to be difficult because exactly of the population uh shrinking in 2023 the Greek government established a first ministerial mandate specifically focused on addressing the demographic crisis I would very um easily call it the biggest and the largest Challenge and threat that Grace is faced with the new Ministry has introduced several Financial measures including tax breaks and higher state allowances for newborns however the minister insists that these incentives need to be complemented with additional support for future parents such as affordable housing child care facilities and other benefits I would like them also to have the opportunity to have a good schooling system to have a good Public Health Care system or to be able to have a job that can cater to the needs of the family what whatever the size of their family of that family may be a big part of our action plan on demography is targeted on reinforcing and intensifying our efforts in order to let the people have the freedom to to stay back in their city or their Village or the region where they was born they were born locality will play a very important role in dealing with demography back in heos Anastasia a restaurant owner is accurately aware of the issues fueling the demographic collapse of local communities since she moved to her Village 20 years ago nearly half of the residents have left the only children remaining are her own three kids and one other girl for a kid in general it’s very difficult to stay in one place without having any friends they feel lonely they feel depressed and sometime they feel bored there’s no doubt that the children when they finish school they want to leave there is nothing interesting for them at the Village right now so they want to study and they want to move and the fact is that um as a parent I think that this is the right thing to do immigration was the recourse some of Anastasia’s customers had to turn to Nikos and Mary both natives of hios moved to Baltimore USA 2 years ago regardless of Greece’s economic recovery or government efforts to support families they say they can no longer Envision a future in their home [Music] country for a a very large period of time even though I had my degree I was unemployed I couldn’t find a job and I had to work as a bartender uh or as a waitress that are very good jobs but it’s not what I studied for and what I hoped for my future so um if you have to work like 10 to 12 hours a day and not earn as much money as you want to how can you buy a house and how can you raise a family you can’t demographic decline is a growing concern across the EU with the continent’s population expected to shrink by 4% over the next 50 years however during the same period Greece could lose up to 25% of its people presenting a significant challenge for both present and future Generations